Understanding Medication-Assisted Treatment: A Complete Guide for 2026

What Is Medication-Assisted Treatment?

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) is an evidence-based approach that combines FDA-approved medications with counseling and behavioral therapies to treat substance use disorders. MAT is primarily used for opioid use disorder (OUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), and has been shown to significantly improve patient outcomes.

According to SAMHSA, MAT has been clinically proven to reduce the need for inpatient detoxification services, increase treatment retention, and decrease illicit opioid use.

"MAT is not replacing one addiction with another. It is a proven, effective treatment that saves lives." — SAMHSA

How MAT Works

MAT works by addressing the physiological aspects of addiction alongside the psychological and behavioral components. The medications used in MAT operate on the same brain receptors as the addictive substances but in a safer, controlled manner.

The Three Pillars of MAT

1. FDA-approved medications that reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms
2. Behavioral counseling to develop coping strategies and address underlying issues
3. Support services including peer support groups and case management

FDA-Approved Medications

The following table outlines the three primary medications approved by the FDA for opioid use disorder treatment:

Medication	Brand Names	How It Works	Administration
Methadone	Dolophine, Methadose	Full opioid agonist — activates opioid receptors to reduce cravings	Daily oral dose at certified clinic
Buprenorphine	Suboxone, Sublocade	Partial opioid agonist — partially activates receptors	Sublingual film, injection, or implant
Naltrexone	Vivitrol	Opioid antagonist — blocks opioid receptors entirely	Monthly injection or daily oral tablet

Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder

For alcohol use disorder, three medications are FDA-approved:

• Naltrexone — reduces the rewarding effects of alcohol
• Acamprosate (Campral) — helps restore brain chemistry after prolonged alcohol use
• Disulfiram (Antabuse) — creates an unpleasant reaction when alcohol is consumed

Effectiveness of MAT

Research consistently demonstrates that MAT is highly effective:

• Reduced opioid use — Studies show a 50–75% reduction in illicit opioid use among MAT patients
• Lower overdose deaths — Buprenorphine and methadone reduce overdose mortality by approximately 50%
• Improved retention — Patients in MAT programs are significantly more likely to stay in treatment
• Better social outcomes — Increased employment, reduced criminal activity, and improved family relationships

Who Is a Good Candidate for MAT?

MAT may be appropriate for individuals who:

• Have been diagnosed with opioid or alcohol use disorder
• Have tried abstinence-based approaches without lasting success
• Are at high risk for relapse or overdose
• Want a comprehensive treatment approach that addresses both physical and behavioral aspects

Important Considerations

MAT is most effective when combined with counseling and behavioral therapies. A healthcare provider experienced in addiction medicine should evaluate each patient individually to determine the most appropriate medication and treatment plan.

Finding MAT Programs Near You

When searching for a MAT program, consider the following factors:

1. Accreditation — Ensure the facility is licensed and accredited
2. Comprehensive care — Look for programs offering both medication and counseling
3. Insurance acceptance — Verify your insurance coverage before enrollment
4. Qualified staff — Programs should have board-certified addiction medicine physicians

You can search for MAT-certified treatment centers in your area using our treatment center directory.

Conclusion

Medication-Assisted Treatment represents one of the most effective tools available for combating opioid and alcohol use disorders. By combining medical intervention with behavioral support, MAT offers a whole-patient approach that significantly improves long-term recovery outcomes.

If you or a loved one is struggling with substance use disorder, MAT may be an important part of the recovery journey. Speak with a healthcare provider or call the SAMHSA National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357 for free, confidential support.